The Pantanal is the largest floodplain in the world: approximately 200,000 km2, equivalent to the combined territories of Portugal, the Netherlands, Belgium, and Switzerland. A system regulated by large annual natural floods, typical of the region and influenced by the melting of the Andes in the summer. In 2020, this sanctuary of fauna, flora, and people witnessed a paradox. The stupidity of a certain segment of the human species, encouraged by monsters disguised as politicians, provoked the largest arson attack in the biome's history. In 2024, the scenario repeated itself
The same fire that warms and enchants, burns and destroys. The water that irrigates is the same that drowns. For the pre-Socratic Greek philosopher Empedocles (495 BC - 430 BC), the element loses its balance when the dominant force is hatred and anger. On the other hand, the element in balance is a product of the force of love. In the exhibition "Water, Pantanal, Fire," Lalo de Almeida documents the fire of hatred, while Luciano Candisani portrays the flood of love. The images denounce and inform, giving form and content to scientific figures and newspaper headlines. Above all, the duo's art is moving. The contrast between the exuberance of life and the violence of crime that leads to death, between water and fire, between good and evil, between love and hate, between enchantment and fear, takes us to our most intimate roots. The result is wonder at the beauty of nature and indignation at stupidity, crime, and impunity. From this whirlwind emerges hope, the one that Paulo Freire (1921-1997) said was from the verb to hope and that leads us to action, inspired by the encounter of art with science and with the emotion that comes from the spirit
Fabio Scarano, curator of the Museum of Tomorrow
Climate Change: Water, Pantanal Fire
Floodwaters, ebbwaters. Droughts arrive, fires ignite. The Pantanal region has the unique distinction of always being governed by the balance of the water cycle, vital for the preservation of the rich biodiversity that pulsates in its rivers, streams, and lagoons, in high water and low water, in the soil and in the air. The overuse of the biome's resources, which produces an increasingly visible state of imbalance, could, according to experts, result in the desertification of this region
The attitude of contemporary man, who does little to curb the escalation of deforestation, carbon emissions and the diversion of water sources for unsustainable agriculture, is leading us to a state of ecocide across the planet
Lalo de Almeida and Luciano Candisani, two of the most prominent and award-winning Brazilian photodocumentarians, have dedicated part of their professional careers to documenting the Pantanal as a way of giving visibility to these pulses of life and death that arise juxtaposed between the flood and dry seasons
Lalo photographed the Pantanal during the 2020 and 2024 fires, which burned about 26% of the region and killed around 17 million vertebrates. His images circulated around the world and helped alert civil society, the scientific community, the Brazilian government, and international organizations to the severity of the problem. These images, part of which are shown here, earned him the prestigious World Press Photo Award
Luciano systematically documents ecosystems around the world. Over the past decade, he spent part of his time underwater in the Pantanal. His images, of rare technical excellence, have resulted in a collection of paramount importance for supporting research and demonstrating the urgency of combating environmental crimes that ultimately also contribute to climate change. For this work, he won the Wildlife Photographer of the Year award in 2012
Lalo de Almeida and Luciano Candisani are visual chroniclers who choose sensitive topics to investigate over long periods, in partnership with scientists and researchers. To achieve the results displayed in this exhibition, they create complex logistics and expose themselves to various types of danger
It is in works like these, which combine idealism, passion and activism, that photography reaches its peak, becoming an open window to reveal the idiosyncrasies and the sublime of the world
This exhibition seeks to raise awareness not only about the plight of the Pantanal, but also about our erratic behavior, which pollutes the air, rivers, and seas, causing damage everywhere. We are faced with a critical example: Guanabara Bay receives, in addition to industrial waste, untreated sewage from fifteen municipalities, which destroys marine life and threatens to ruin the beauty of this splendid place
Eder Chiodetto, curator of the exhibition
Exhibition-manifesto: an invitation to action
Threats to the delicate water regime that sustains the enormous biodiversity of the Pantanal, one of Brazil's six major biomes, have become evident in recent years. Affected by deforestation in the nearby highlands, which leaves the springs and banks of the rivers that form the Pantanal unprotected, this world of waters, described as an "earthly paradise" by the first Portuguese and Spanish who arrived there in the 16th century, is increasingly dry. Worse still, since 2020, the region has been burning before our eyes in a historic series of forest fires
This exhibition was conceived as a manifesto against the severe losses that climate change and human action have inflicted on the Pantanal, in a long (and ongoing) history of aggression. It was the sensitivity of curator Eder Chiodetto that brought together two of the greatest photographers working in Brazil today, Lalo de Almeida and Luciano Candisani, to compose a set of images that contrast the vivid beauty of the Pantanal landscape with the devastating effects of drought and fire
What drives Documenta Pantanal is the belief in the power of powerful cultural expressions—like the photographs gathered here—to document, alert, raise awareness, and mobilize audiences in Brazil and around the world. Since 2019, the initiative has been committed to highlighting the effects of climate change and human activity on the Pantanal through films, books, campaigns, and other initiatives
For us, it makes perfect sense to bring Água Pantanal Fogo to a museum dedicated to exploring our possible futures. Especially in a year in which Brazil hosts the COP, the main international climate conference, and, at the same time, sees so many threats emerging to our still-deficient environmental regulations
At the center of this exhibition is a biome of international significance recognized for its biodiversity and as a source of freshwater, and its strong influence on the Brazilian and South American climate. The Pantanal is a paradigm of an urgent matter that concerns all of us who live on this planet. More than defending the obvious need to conserve our natural heritage, we are interested in calling on increasingly broader audiences to become aware of the gravity of the climate crisis and reflect on what needs to be done to contain it
Monica Guimarães and Teresa Bracher (Documenta Pantanal)
Texts Exhibition
Land of Water
The Pantanal is the largest continuous inland floodplain in the world and one of the six main Brazilian biomes. It is part of the Upper Paraguay River Basin, which covers approximately 600,000 square kilometers, almost 60% of which is in Brazil, with sections in Bolivia and Paraguay. It is formed by the Pantanal plain, which extends across the states of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul, surrounded by a series of plateaus, mountains, and plateaus. It lies between important natural regions such as the Amazon, the Atlantic Forest, and the Cerrado, and boasts unique biodiversity: its fauna and flora blend elements from all these ecoregions
Divided into subregions with diverse landscapes, the Pantanal's main characteristic is its flood cycle (or pulse), the annual alternation between rainy and dry seasons. During the rainy season, concentrated between November and March, the plains flood, forming wetlands, lagoons, and corixos (river branches). During the dry season, which peaks in August, fires are frequent and especially dangerous, especially where dry plant biomass accumulates. The use of fire to create cattle pastures, clear land, and harvest honey, among other things, is common in the Pantanal, but is prohibited during the dry months
Near the point of no return
The Pantanal, Brazil's vast floodplain and the world's largest, is currently a dramatic epicenter of climate adversities exacerbated by human activity. The region faces severe droughts and uncontrolled fires, phenomena that reflect not only a local environmental crisis but also a global climate disruption
The events in the Pantanal are not an isolated phenomenon. The planet is witnessing an alarming increase in the frequency and severity of extreme weather events. Devastating storms and unprecedented heat waves are being observed in the Americas and Europe, highlighting a crisis that defies geographic boundaries and demands international attention
This intensification of extreme events is due to the interaction of human activities with the planet's delicate natural systems. The burning of fossil fuels, unsustainable agricultural practices, and, crucially, deforestation and accelerated degradation, especially in tropical regions, contribute significantly to this scenario
The forests and savannas of the Amazon and Cerrado are vital for water and climate regulation. When degraded, they compromise rainfall patterns and affect dependent regions, such as the Pantanal. Deforestation in these biomes contributes to a drastic reduction in humidity, which precipitates droughts and fires
It's alarming to note that, over the last three decades, the Pantanal has seen a 60% reduction in its water surface area, according to data from MapBiomas, an initiative that has analyzed land use in Brazil's various biomes since 2015. This is a clear indication of the impact that climate change and ecosystem destruction have on aquatic environments and biodiversity
The interconnection between deforestation in neighboring biomes and changes in the Pantanal's water cycle is a tangible example of how environmental impacts are interconnected and amplified by human activities. Prolonged droughts in the Pantanal not only reduce soil and vegetation moisture, making the area more prone to fires; they also affect biodiversity and the lives of local communities
Given this challenging situation, mitigation emerges as an urgent need. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions, promoting sustainable agricultural practices, and preserving forests are essential measures. Global collaboration between societies, governments, and organizations is crucial to developing adaptation and mitigation strategies that can address a crisis that is both imminent and scalable
Understanding the magnitude of the climate crisis and the vital role each of us can play in promoting a more sustainable future is crucial. We may be very close to climate "tipping points" that, once crossed, could trigger irreversible and self-perpetuating changes in Earth's systems, making life significantly more difficult and unpredictable for future generations
The adoption of strict environmental protection measures and the rapid transition to a low-carbon economy are essential to mitigate the risks of crossing these tipping points. Acting now is not only an ethical responsibility; it is a pragmatic necessity to ensure a sustainable and livable future. Our generation has a duty to recognize and respond to these threats with the urgency and seriousness they demand, to ensure we do not compromise the planet's ability to sustain our own and future generations
Content Pills
Text 1
Recognized as a national heritage site, the Pantanal is home to a Biosphere Reserve, a UNESCO Natural Heritage Site, and four wetlands considered of international importance by the Ramsar Convention, a treaty signed by more than 170 countries for the conservation and rational use of water resources. But Brazil does less than its neighbors to conserve the biome: only 2% of its part of the Upper Paraguay Basin is under full protection. In Bolivia, this percentage is 46%. The Bolivian Tucavaca Valley Park, with 263,000 hectares, is almost twice the size of the Pantanal National Park, the largest Brazilian conservation unit in the basin
Text 2
The 1988 Constitution provides for the creation of protective laws for each of Brazil's six main biomes. But only the Atlantic Forest has its own federal law. In 2024, the Supreme Federal Court gave Congress eighteen months to create the Pantanal Law. A year earlier, Mato Grosso do Sul passed a law protecting its nearly 10 million hectares of Pantanal. An unprecedented collaboration between farmers, environmentalists, and the Brazilian government, it mandates that rural properties preserve 50% of their forest and Cerrado formations and 40% of their fields. It prohibits the removal of fragile vegetation, the planting of new exotic agricultural crops such as soybeans and sugarcane, and the construction of dikes, drains, dams, and small hydroelectric plants, which alter the biome's hydrological regime
Text 3
The Pantanal is home to approximately 260 species of fish, 50 amphibians, 150 reptiles, 580 birds, and 170 mammals. It is the Brazilian biome with the best preservation of its animal species: according to the Chico Mendes Institute, less than 10% of the species that inhabit the Pantanal today have worrying numbers. The marsh deer, the jaguar, the giant otter, and the hyacinth macaw are examples of species threatened in other Brazilian regions that have significant populations in the Pantanal. In addition to the loss of natural habitats, accelerated by factors such as river silting, recent fires also pose a direct threat to the animals of the Pantanal. In 2020, 17 million vertebrates died in the fires, which also destroy territories and limit access to water and food sources
Text 4
Despite preserving over 80% of its natural cover, the Pantanal is the Brazilian biome that has lost the most water volume in the last forty years: 80% between 1985 and 2021. This phenomenon is directly linked to the degradation of the Cerrado, the plateaus where the rivers of the Upper Paraguay River Basin originate. In 2020, less than half of the Cerrado's territory (43.4%) retained its native vegetation; deforestation, linked to traditional practices of intensive livestock farming and monoculture, especially soybean, reduces the volume of water that floods the Pantanal plain. Dependence on the Cerrado weakens the Pantanal, but is disregarded by current protection legislation
Text 5
Deforestation in the transition regions between plateaus and plains has accelerated the silting of Pantanal rivers. In these sloping, sandy terrains, the loss of native riparian vegetation favors the emergence of gullies—enormous erosion holes carved by rainwater that reaches the water table, leaving the soil exposed. In the Upper Taquari Basin, which lost more than half of its native forest between the 1970s and 1990s, there are now approximately two thousand gullies. The sediments carried to the plains have transformed the river into a labyrinth of shallow waters, with overflows that have permanently flooded 450,000 hectares of land. With enormous social and economic impacts, the silting of the Taquari is one of the largest environmental disasters currently underway in the Pantanal
Text 6
The dynamics of floods and droughts shape the landscape and biodiversity of the Pantanal. The flooding regime is impacted by human action, but also by changes in temperature and humidity in the Upper Paraguay River Basin. Images from MapBiomas, a reference system for mapping land use in Brazilian biomes, show that the largest wetland on the planet is drying out. In the thirty years from 1988 to 2018, the total area covered by floodwaters shrank by 29%: from 7.2 to 5.1 million hectares. In 2023, the annual water surface (at least six months with water) was 61% below the historical average. Floods are smaller in extent and duration. The new pattern is attributed to local, national, and global drivers of degradation: the conversion of natural areas into exotic pastures, deforestation on the plateau, recurring fires, irregular rainfall patterns linked to Amazon deforestation, and the worsening climate crisis
Text 7
Of all Brazilian biomes, the Pantanal burned the most in the last 36 years: 57% of the territory suffered at least one fire during that period. Over the last decade, climate change has made the region more susceptible to fire, increasing the speed at which fires spread and making firefighting more difficult. In 2020, the driest year since 1985, the biome burned more than 2.3 million hectares. In 2024, accumulated rainfall was the lowest since 2020, and the fires started early: by June, they had already reached an area 529% larger than the average for previous years. By August, according to the Environmental Satellite Applications Laboratory of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, the fire had already reached 2.3 million hectares, or 15.61% of the Pantanal
Text 8
The Pantanal regulates the water regime of large regions. The effects of climate change on the biome have repercussions. One example is the intense rains that hit southern Brazil in 2024, leaving more than four hundred thousand people homeless. The heat wave in the central region of the country, with temperatures about 5°C above the period's average, prevented cold fronts from spreading from the southern region, contributing to maintaining areas of instability over the state of Rio Grande do Sul. This effect combines with other factors, such as wind currents, the corridor of moisture from the Amazon, and El Niño, which warms the waters of the Pacific and contributes to increased rainfall
Text 9
Interviewed during the wave of arson attacks that swept through Brazil in 2024, climatologist Carlos Nobre said he was "terrified" by the speed of climate change: "We have the highest temperature the planet has experienced in 100,000 years. Since civilizations began, 10,000 years ago, we have never reached this level, where all climate events have become so intense and frequent. There are droughts all over the world, storms, storm surges [...]. No one predicted this." The agreements signed in recent decades to contain temperatures call for removing 5 billion tons of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere per year, starting in 2050, to reach 2100 with a 1°C increase. "But unfortunately, we are already reaching 1.5°C," the scientist noted
Text 10
"The Pantanal isn't just plagued by fire. All the water that floods the world's largest floodplain originates on the surrounding plateau [...]. Amid pastures and corn and soybean plantations, fragments of native vegetation, and hydroelectric plants, there lie the headwaters of the Pantanal's main rivers. In the case of hydroelectric plants, there are 38 operating in the Upper Paraguay Basin. The river with the most dams is the Jaú, with six hydroelectric plants in operation. 'The plants feel like they own the river,' says fisherman Francisco Freire. 'They don't care about the fish or the people"
Fabiano Maisonave, “Biome is threatened by hydroelectric plants, deforestation and pesticides”. Folha de S.Paulo, July 7, 2021
Subtitles Works
Lalo de Almeida
Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil, 1970
A marsh deer seeks refuge in a lagoon to protect itself from a forest fire on the banks of the BR-262 highway
Miranda, Mato Grosso do Sul, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Military firefighter fights fire during a forest fire on the Jofre Velho farm
Porto Jofre, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Sign at the entrance to a farm on the edge of the Nascentes do Taquari State Park, created to protect the headwaters of the rivers that form the Taquari basin
Alcinópolis, Mato Grosso do Sul, 2021
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Smoke from a forest fire covers the road to the Sesc Porto Cercado Hotel
Poconé, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Dead alligator in a dry stream on the banks of the Transpantaneira highway, during the 2020 fires
Poconé, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Calf in agony after having its legs burned in the fire that hit the São Francisco farm
Santo Antônio de Leverger, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Firefighter fights forest fire on Jofre Velho farm
Porto Jofre, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Guató children play among burned trees in the Baía dos Guató Indigenous Territory, which had more than 80% of its territory destroyed by fire.
Barão de Melgaço, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Alligator killed in forest fire on the banks of the Transpantaneira highway
Poconé, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Firefighters from Prevfogo (National Center for Prevention and Combat of Forest Fires), brought from Piauí, travel by truck to fight a fire on the Santa Tereza farm
Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Farmer João Alberto Martins removes dry vegetation in an attempt to stop a fire on his land
Santo Antônio de Leverger, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Firefighters from the Sesc Porto Cercado Hotel battle a nearby forest fire, assisted by a fire department plane
Poconé, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Burnt vegetation after a forest fire passed through the vicinity of the Sesc Porto Cercado Hotel
Poconé, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
A group of charred capuchin monkeys under a tree in the Private Natural Heritage Reserve (RPPN) Sesc Pantanal
Barão de Melgaço, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Jaguar footprints on the bed of a dry lake on the Santa Tereza farm, in the Serra do Amolar region
Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul, 2021
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Burnt anaconda near a lake on the Santa Tereza farm, in the Serra do Amolar region
Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul, 2021
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
A marsh deer crosses the Transpantaneira highway amid smoke from a forest fire
Poconé, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Fire outbreak in the Southern Pantanal. Prompted by a long drought, the 2024 fires were the worst since 2020
Miranda, Mato Grosso do Sul, 6 ago. 2024
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
To escape the fire, alligators seek shelter on a small corix island on the banks of the Transpantaneira highway
Poconé, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Tortoise burned by fire on the banks of the Transpantaneira highway
Poconé, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Bathers try to put out a forest fire around a waterfall on the Mutum River
Santo Antônio de Leverger, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Tourists bathe in a waterfall on the Mutum River, while a forest fire destroys the surrounding vegetation
Santo Antônio de Leverger, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Fire rapidly destroys vegetation on the Paraíso farm, in the Nhecolândia Pantanal
Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul, 2 ago. 2024
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
During a fire on the Transpantaneira highway, a resident volunteer monitors a wooden bridge that, if destroyed by fire, would leave the communities connected by the highway isolated
Porto Jofre, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
A jaguar walks through the burned vegetation of Encontro das Águas State Park
Poconé, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Charred bird after a fire that hit the Santa Tereza farm, in the Serra do Amolar region
Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Volunteer firefighters assess a forest fire on the Jofre Velho farm
Porto Jofre, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Aerial view of a forest fire in the Private Natural Heritage Reserve (RPPN) Sesc Pantanal
Barão de Melgaço, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Ashes from a tree completely consumed by fire in burned pasture on the São Francisco farm
Santo Antônio de Leverger, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Firefighters from the Sesc Porto Cercado Hotel battle a nearby forest fire, assisted by a water truck and a fire department plane
Poconé, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Fire outbreak in the Southern Pantanal, one of the regions affected by the 2024 fires.
Miranda, Mato Grosso do Sul, 6 ago. 2024
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Devastated by the 2020 fires, the Santa Tereza farm, in the Serra do Amolar region, had almost all of its forest area burned again in 2024
Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul, 6 ago. 2024
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Alligator killed in forest fire on the banks of the Transpantaneira highway
Poconé, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Ash covers the forest floor burned by fire on the Santa Tereza farm, region
da Serra do Amolar.
Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Dead alligator in a dry pond on the Santa Tereza farm, in the Serra do Amolar region
Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul, 2021
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
A military firefighter watches as fire surrounds a riverside dweller's house in the Private Natural Heritage Reserve (RPPN) Sesc Pantanal
Barão de Melgaço, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Howler monkey charred by forest fire on Santa Tereza farm
Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
image awarded the World Press Photo award in 2020
_____________________________________________________________________
In early October 2020, a large fire swept down the slopes of Serra do Amolar and directly hit the Santa Tereza farm. It was an area of tall vegetation, and the flames reached tens of meters. We couldn't get too close because the fire was consuming the vegetation at an incredible speed. The moving fire made a deafening noise, similar to an airplane engine. The next day, after the fire had crossed the farm, I went out to take photographs, accompanied by the manager, Rafael Galvão. The forest had become a pile of charred trees, the ground covered in very light ash. This is the image I took for this coverage of the Pantanal fires in 2020
Lalo de Almeida
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Burnt vegetation along the Transpantaneira highway
Poconé, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
The Transpantaneira Highway is one of the best places to observe wildlife in Brazil. During the 2020 fires, much of the area surrounding the nearly 130-kilometer highway was devastated. In early September, I spent a week traveling through the region to document the tragedy. It was common to see otters and alligators moving along the road in search of water. Most of the streams the highway crosses were dry. In some, animals lay dying, awaiting death. Fires erupted in all directions, and not even the highway's wooden bridges escaped the flames. And amid all this chaos, there was no organized firefighting. The Pantanal was left to its own devices. In one of the few times
I met a fireman on the road, he told me, resigned: 'There's no way out here. The fire will only stop when everything burns down or the rain comes'"
Lalo de Almeida
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Dead deer on burnt pasture near the São Francisco do Perigara farm
Barão de Melgaço, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
"Folha de S.Paulo reporter Fabiano Maisonnave and I were on our way to the São Francisco do Perigara farm in Barão de Melgaço. The scene along the dirt road was apocalyptic. Everything was gray and black. Stunned animals, some injured, crossed the road frequently. In the middle of a scorched field, there was a brown spot. As we approached, we saw it was a dead deer. Across the road, a frightened calf watched its mother's body, unresponsive to our presence. A few meters ahead, under a tree, was a troop of charred capuchin monkeys. There were dozens of them, adults and calves, all dead, side by side. We were still in the early stages of covering the Pantanal fires, but it was from that day on that we understood the scale of the tragedy unfolding in the region."
Lalo de Almeida
_____________________________________________________________________
Lalo de Almeida
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Military firefighters fight a forest fire on the São Francisco do Perigara farm
Barão de Melgaço, Mato Grosso, 2020
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
"The São Francisco do Perigara farm is home to the largest population of hyacinth macaws in the world. When we arrived there in August 2020 to document the fires raging in the region, we found three firefighters, using a broken-down fire engine, trying to minimize the damage. They worked tirelessly, fourteen hours a day, under a blazing sun, from six in the morning to eight at night. And yet, they were unable to stop the fires, driven by strong winds, from continuing to spread, burning dozens of hectares of vegetation every day
Lalo de Almeida
_____________________________________________________________________
Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Alligators in Bamburro Lagoon
Fazenda Pouso Alegre, Pantanal de Poconé, Mato Grosso, nov. 2011
inkjet on cotton paper
_____________________________________________________________________
"I see in alligators the connection between the dynamics of water and life in the Pantanal. Bamburro Lagoon attracts thousands of them during the species' reproductive period, which coincides with the arrival of the first rains. I took this photograph in the early evening, with the camera fixed on a tripod set up at the edge of the lagoon. A full moon illuminated the clouds behind it. The alligators, naturally motionless when thermoregulating, were illuminated with successive flash bursts during a 6-minute exposure. To give volume to the riparian forest, I used a powerful headlamp. The hardest part was coordinating all these variables under the relentless attack of clouds of mosquitoes. When I saw the result, I realized that this image had been in my mind since my first trip to the Pantanal with my father in the 1980s. At the time, when alligator slaughter by leatherworkers was at its peak, it was difficult to spot the animals. To do so, we went out at night, illuminating the banks with a headlamp that revealed their little eyes. alligators glowing in the darkness. I never forgot that image”
Luciano Candisani
_____________________________________________________________________
Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Aquatic macrophyte garden in Vazante do Mangabal, an intermittent watercourse formed by flood waters
Pantanal da Nhecolândia, Mato Grosso do Sul, mar. 2011
inkjet on cotton paper
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The best way I found to explore the shallow waters of the Vazante do Mangabal was by canoe. I spent many hours paddling alone, searching for angles capable of revealing the extraordinary gardens of aquatic macrophytes formed during the flood season. My curiosity for these environments, sparked at age 15 on my first trip to the Pantanal, would later lead me to return to the region numerous times with the sole purpose of exploring its mysterious waters. Over the past ten years, I've spent hundreds of hours submerged in the domains of alligators, anacondas, piranhas, and giant otters, always just inches from these creatures. I've also flown in single-engine aircraft, seeking to understand, from above, the contours and general patterns of the aquatic landscapes, invisible from ground level. The photographs in this work were born from this effort of interpretation. From afar or near, they never dispense with the liquid guiding thread: water is present in every image, as it is in everything that has life
Luciano Candisani
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Dourado no rio Olho-d’Água.
Private Natural Heritage Reserve (RPPN) Cabeceira do Prata Farm, Jardim, Mato Grosso do Sul, May 2013
inkjet on cotton paper
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When I photographed this golden fish, I was searching for images capable of evoking a vital connection: the waters that form the Pantanal arrive via rivers originating in the surrounding highlands. Like arteries of an organism, these watercourses determine the existence and sustain biodiversity on the plain. The image was taken near the source of the Olho-d’Água River, on the Bodoquena Plateau. Soon after emerging from the limestone soil, this crystal-clear river joins the Prata River, one of the tributaries of the Miranda River, which in turn meets the Paraguay River on the plain. This extraordinary water source is well protected within the boundaries of a private reserve. But unfortunately, this is not the rule. Many of the springs on the plateaus, which supply water to the Pantanal plain, are victims of siltation and contamination, related to land misuse by farming and pasture. Paradoxically, in the decade I spent searching for ways to reveal the life hidden within the waters of the Pantanal, the largest floodplain in the world, The earth lost much of its surface moisture as a result of the destruction of springs. And a drier environment, combined with global warming, favors the spread of fires”
Luciano Candisani
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Piraputangas in the early hours of the morning on the Olho-d'Água River. This small stream helps form the Pantanal, joining the Prata River, a tributary of the Miranda River, which meets the Paraguay River on the plain
Private Natural Heritage Reserve (RPPN) Cabeceira do Prata Farm, Jardim, Mato Grosso do Sul, May 2013
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Capybara, the largest rodent in the world, and its young on the beach of the Cuiabá River
Pantanal de Poconé, Mato Grosso, jul. 2017
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Details of a catfish's eye, photographed with a macro lens, reveal an underwater world normally hidden by the murky waters of the Pantanal rivers
Rio Mata-Cachorro, Pantanal do Paiaguás, Mato Grosso do Sul, fev. 2012
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
A school of mato-grossos tries to eat the eggs laid by a piranha near the roots of water hyacinth
Lagoa Marginal do Rio Formoso, Bonito, Mato Grosso do Sul, ago. 2012
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
During the dry season, there is a large concentration of alligators in lagoons that remain relatively full and rich in fish
Fazenda Pouso Alegre, Pantanal de Poconé, Mato Grosso, nov. 2011
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Aerial view of the Negro River near the Barranco Alto farm. During the dry season, white sand beaches emerge, and ipê trees bloom in the riverside forest
Pantanal da Nhecolândia, Mato Grosso do Sul, jul. 2007
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Macrophyte gardens support a thriving aquatic ecosystem beneath trees that died in flooding caused by the silting of the Taquari River
Corixão, Pantanal do Paiaguás, Mato Grosso do Sul, fev. 2012
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Drone footage reveals the curious pattern formed by floating aquatic vegetation on the surface of a canal
Fazenda Barra Mansa, Pantanal da Nhecolândia, Mato Grosso do Sul, maio 2018
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
The giant otter approaches the boat and stretches its neck to try to expel the invader from its territory
Rio Cuiabá, Pantanal de Poconé, Mato Grosso, abr. 2010
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Accustomed to the presence of observers in boats, a jaguar drinks water in the Encontro das Águas State Park, at the confluence of the Cuiabá, Três Irmãos, Piqueri and Corixo Negro rivers
Pantanal de Poconé, Mato Grosso, jul. 2017
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
School of pacupebas among the dense aquatic vegetation of the Mata-Cachorro stream, near the Paraguay River
Pantanal do Paiaguás, Mato Grosso do Sul, fev. 2014
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Piranha in the Corixão River. Abundant in Pantanal rivers, the fish usually ignores the diver photographer
Pantanal do Paiaguás, Mato Grosso do Sul, fev. 2012
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Detail of a female piranha standing guard next to her nest in the aquatic vegetation of the Mata-Cachorro stream
Pantanal do Paiaguás, Mato Grosso do Sul, fev. 2012
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Curimbatás in defense formation in the presence of a giant otter, on a surface roughened by the rain.
Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN) Fazenda Cabeceira do Prata, Jardim, Mato Grosso do Sul, fev. 2001
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Piraputanga watches for movements on the surface of the Olho-d’Água River, where it eats fruits and leaves
Private Natural Heritage Reserve (RPPN) Cabeceira do Prata Farm, Jardim, Mato Grosso do Sul, Feb 2013
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Giant otters make rare appearances in the crystal-clear waters of the Olho-d'Água River. This aquatic mammal is most common in the murky rivers of the Pantanal and Amazon
Private Natural Heritage Reserve (RPPN) Cabeceira do Prata Farm, Jardim, Mato Grosso do Sul, Feb 2011
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Aerial view of the flooded Vazante do Castelo reveals the main drainage channel
Nhecolândia Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, May 2018
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Alligator photographed at the waterline. Victims of a massacre by leather hunters in the 1970s and 1980s, alligators today suffer from the shrinking water surface of the Pantanal
Vazante do Castelo, Pantanal da Nhecolândia, Mato Grosso do Sul, jun. 2021
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
After mating, a 7-meter-long female green anaconda wraps itself around its 2.5-meter-long mate to devour it and replenish its energy. This image is the first photographic record of this behavior
Brejão do Formoso, Bonito, Mato Grosso do Sul, jul. 2012
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Plecoes, abundant in Pantanal rivers, build burrows in the bottom for their nests. When the water recedes, these burrows are exposed
Rio Cachorro Morto, Pantanal do Paiaguás, Mato Grosso do Sul, fev. 2012
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Under the watchful eye of their mother, newborn alligator pups make their first forays into the water, in a bay near Vazante do Mangabal, a place with a large concentration of nests
Pantanal da Nhecolândia, Mato Grosso do Sul, mar. 2011
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
The extreme flooding of 2011 reached areas that are normally above water
like this tree, several meters above the bank of the Touro Morto River
Pantanal do Miranda, Mato Grosso do Sul, jun. 2011
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Cumulus cloud grows over the Touro Morto River, a tributary of the Miranda River, which flows into the Paraguay River
Pantanal do Miranda, Mato Grosso do Sul, jun. 2011
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Source of the Olho-d'Água River in a reserve on the Bodoquena plateau. Of the waters that form the Pantanal, originating in the surrounding highlands, few are protected
Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN) Fazenda Cabeceira do Prata, Jardim, Mato Grosso do Sul, set. 2012
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Stingray camouflages itself on the sandy bottom of Vazante do Castelo
Pantanal da Nhecolândia, Mato Grosso do Sul, maio 2010
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Alligator with its head above water, waiting for prey. The animal can spend hours in this position
Vazante do Castelo, Pantanal da Nhecolândia, Mato Grosso do Sul, jun. 2011
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
1.5 meters from the camera, an alligator opens its mouth, waiting for the shoals that descend with the current when the water flows from the flooded fields into the rivers, at low tide
Fazenda Barra Mansa, Pantanal da Nhecolândia, Mato Grosso do Sul, abr. 2010
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
A Pantanal resident standing on a canoe, seen from the water. Just like the landscape, the culture and way of life in the Pantanal were also shaped by water
Vazante do Mangabal, Pantanal da Nhecolândia, Mato Grosso do Sul, mar. 2011
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Aerial view of an aquatic forest composed of macrophytes up to 4 meters long, in an intermittent watercourse, formed by the runoff of floodwaters
Vazante do Castelo, fazenda Barra Mansa, Pantanal da Nhecolândia, Mato Grosso do Sul, maio 2018
inkjet on cotton paper
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This photograph, taken with a drone, shows almost no ground; practically everything visible is formed by the arrangement and movement of aquatic plants, some attached to the bottom and others floating. The central, darker part is an area about 3 meters deep where the plants are not attached. Water shapes the landscape and controls life in the largest floodplain on the planet. The Pantanal can be a liquid or dry expanse. From one season to the next, from dry to rainy, its parched fields transform into dense, colorful underwater forests inhabited by myriads of fish. Then they dry out again, in a perennial dynamic that is the essence of this incomparable natural space.
Luciano Candisani
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Known as bays, the numerous lakes characteristic of some regions of the Pantanal
shelter a rich and unknown underwater ecosystem
Pantanal da Nhecolândia, Mato Grosso do Sul, maio 2011
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Inhospitable to aquatic plants, the salt flats, brackish water lagoons, contrast with the life that pulsates in the freshwater bays
Pantanal da Nhecolândia, Mato Grosso do Sul, out. 2008
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Water resurgence point in the limestone subsoil of the Olho-d’Água River, one of the many that rise in the plateaus and supply the Pantanal
Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN) Fazenda Cabeceira do Prata, Jardim, Mato Grosso do Sul, fev. 2011
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Two dourados compete for a hunting spot on the Olho-d’Água River, where piraputangas gather to eat fruits and leaves that fall from the riverside forest
Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN) Fazenda Cabeceira do Prata, Jardim, Mato Grosso do Sul, maio 2013
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
The rare and ephemeral appearance of a tapir at the bottom of the Olho-d’Água River
Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN) Fazenda Cabeceira do Prata, Jardim, Mato Grosso do Sul, jan. 2013
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Aerial view of the Vazante do Mangabal during the 2011 flood, one of the largest on record. During the dry months, the region is home to a vast field of grass, with almost no sign of water
Pantanal da Nhecolândia, Mato Grosso do Sul, mar. 2011
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Água Pantanal Fogo
vídeo, 12’30”, 2024
photos and videos: Lalo de Almeida and Luciano Candisani
image direction: André Grynwask and Pri Argoud (Um Cafofo)
original music: Marcelo Pellegrini
musical production: Surdina
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Aquatic plants, the base of the food chain, photosynthesize in a small, oxbow lake with crystal-clear waters. These waters eventually reach the Pantanal plain
Rio Formoso, Bonito, Mato Grosso do Sul, ago. 2011
inkjet on cotton paper
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Luciano Candisani
São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 1970
Victims of a massacre by leather hunters in the 1970s/1980s, alligators today suffer from a shrinking water surface
Vazante do Castelo, Pantanal da Nhecolândia, Mato Grosso do Sul, jun. 2021
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Credits
MUSEUM OF TOMORROW
Executive Director
Cristiano Vasconcelos
Curator
Fabio Scarano
General Content Management
Camila Oliveira
Exhibitions
Caetana Lara Resende
Ingrid Vidal
Julia Deccache
Julia Meira
Guilherme Venancio
Rafael Salimena
Nathália Simonetti
Lorena Peña
Public Service
Wagner Turques Guinesi
Alice Villa Frango
Nilson da Silva Ramos
Alessandra Batista da Conceição Penna
Brenda Pinheiro de Oliveira
Caio Correa de Sousa
Caue de Albuquerque Barroso
Douglas Porto Velho
Fernando Lopes Barbosa
Gabriel da Silva Ramos
Guilherme Augusto Gouveia
Igor Pereira Alencar
Ismael Freire de Almeida
José Americo da Rocha Filho
José Francisco de Souza
Luis Rodrigo dos Santos
Mariana Macedo do Nascimento
Matheus dos Santos Oliveira
Queren Priscila Oliveira de Souza
Rafael de Souza de Almeida
Raisa Medeiros de Oliveira
Shirlei de Oliveira Chagas
Vinicius Marcelo de Oliveira dos Santos
Vitor Santos da Silva
Yan Gomes Silveira
Museum Education
Stephanie Santana
Renan Freira
Bianca Paes Araújo
Bruno Baptista
Fernanda de Castro
Juan Barbosa
Julia Mayer
Juliana Câmara
Marcus Andrade
Maria Luiza Lopes
Nicolle Portela
Nicolle Soalheiro
Thainá Nunes
Vinicius Andrade
Vinicius Valentino
Expographic Project
GRUA
Caio Calafate
Pedro Varella
Igor Machado
Design Project
Mariana Boghosian
Mariana Solis
Alexandre Carvalho
Anna Janot
Stage technician
Camuflagem Cenografia
Graphics
Base Comunicação Visual
Fine Assembly
Kbedim
Audiovisual Installations
Luiz Lima
Ana Barth
Bruno Carreiro
Edson Castro
Vanderson Vieira
Inovatec Soluções Audiovisuais
Electrical Installation
Francisco Galdino
Diogo Freire
Marlon Vidal
Silas Miranda
Alexandre Souto
Jefton Elias
Ezequiel Tavares
Jose Petrucio
Camila Fraga
Floor and Tactile Map
Paju SA Engenharia
Sensory objects
Luiza Kemp
Content accessibility
Juliette Viana
Production
Órbita Produções
emergency project
PI Projetos e Instalações
Construction insurance
Tokio Marine
JMS Seguros
PANTANAL FOGO WATER
Photographs
Lalo de Almeida
Luciano Candisani
Curator
Eder Chiodetto
General coordination
Mônica Guimarães
Teresa Bracher
Production coordination
Cassia Rossini
Production
Isadora Falconi
Visual identity
Vitor Cesar
Design
Karime Zaher
Editorial coordination
Heloisa Vasconcellos
Text and editing
Teté Martinho
Consultancy
Sandro Menezes Silva
Revision
Vera Maselli
English version
Anthony Doyle
Spanish version
Larissa Bontempi
Maps
Alessandro Meiguins
Image and videomapping directors
André Grynwask
Pri Argoud (Um Cafofo)
Video soundtrack
Marcelo Pellegrini
Photographic prints
Estúdio Kelly Polato
Administrative
Júlia Sousa
Uma produção
Documenta Pantanal
Thanks
Acaia Pantanal
Adelaide D’Esposito
Agustina Pezzani
Alexandre Bossi
Amadeu Barbosa
Amir Labaki
Ana Maria Barreto [Fazenda São Francisco do Perigara]
Ana Roman
Angela Kuczach
Angelo Rabelo
Anis Chacur
Ari e Silvia Weinfeld
Armando Lacerda
Beatriz Sayad
Belkiss Rondon
Camila Schweizer
Carla Almeida
Carlos Martins
Caroline Leuchtenberger
Claudia Gaigher
Cristina Barros – Tininha
Fernando Tortato [Panthera]
Folha de S.Paulo
Francisco Valeriano [Prevfogo/Ibama]
Gabriela Mendes
Frico Guimarães
Guilherme Rondon
Gustavo Figueirôa
Ham Jung-Min
Haroldo Palo Jr. (in memoriam)
Ibama [Marcos Eduardo Coutinho]
Instituto Centro e Vida – ICV
Ivan Freitas da Costa [Porto Jofre]
Leonardo Gomes
Luciana Leite
Lucas Pupo
Luiz Vicente
Lygia Barbosa
MapBiomas Brasil
Marcy Junqueira
Maria Inez Barreto
Marina Moraes
Mario Haberfeld
Marta Magnani
Matthew Shirts
National Geographic [Roff Smith, Paul Nicklen]
Neiva Guedes
Nina Valentini
Paulina Chamorro
Paulo Gambale
Pedro Lacerda de Camargo
Paulo Machado
Rafael Galvão [Fazenda Santa Tereza]
Renato Roscoe [Instituto Taquari Vivo]
Ricardo Casarin
Ruivaldo Nery Andrade
Sandra Guató [Terra Indígena Baía dos Guató]
Sara Matos
Sesc Pantanal
Simone e Eduardo Coelho
Sofia Marçal
Sthéphanie Mascara
Tasso Azevedo
Vanessa Rodrigues de Morais
Vitória Arruda
Special thanks
Chalana Esperança
Cristiane Sultani
Instituto Homem Pantaneiro – IHP
Instituto SOS Pantanal
Onçafari
Rede Pró-UC
Renata Lima
Vera Patrício Gouveia
Pantanal Animal Technical Rescue Group
Sergio Eduardo Barreto
Fernanda Jacoby
Nataly Nogueira
Paula Helena
Fernanda Alves
Rodrigo Piva
Luka Moraes